UPSC 2024 Geography PYQs with Answers

The Congo Basin contains the world's largest tropical peatland complex and stores very large amounts of carbon.

On June 21 the Northern Hemisphere has longer days. The Tropic of Cancer and Arctic Circle receive more than 12 hours of sunlight, while the Equator has about 12 hours and the Tropic of Capricorn has less.

Coriolis force increases with wind speed and latitude; it is zero at the equator and maximum at the poles.

Low annual and daily temperature range, year-round precipitation, and 50-250 cm rainfall indicate Marine West Coast climate.

Water vapour is a gas and generally decreases with altitude. It is not maximum at the poles; it is greater in warm, humid lower latitudes.

Donyi Polo and Kushinagar airports were developed as greenfield projects. Vijayawada airport was an existing airport upgraded to international status.

Appalachians and Andes are fold mountains. Vosges are in Europe and are commonly treated as block mountains, and the Alps are fold mountains, so only two rows are correct.

Hundru Falls is in the Chota Nagpur region on the Subarnarekha. Dhuandhar is in the Jabalpur region rather than Malwa, and Gersoppa/Jog Falls is on the Sharavathi, not Netravati.

Germany and Norway have North Sea coasts. Finland and Russia do not border the North Sea.

Rainwater contains dissolved carbon dioxide and oxygen; both contribute to chemical weathering such as carbonation and oxidation. Thus both explain rainfall-related weathering.

Moving downstream of Prayagraj from west to east, the Himalayan tributaries join broadly in the order Gomati, Ghaghara, Gandak and Kosi.

Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana are the two largest cocoa producers in the world.

In January, isotherms generally bend northward over relatively warmer oceans and southward over colder continents, so statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect because the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Drift are warm currents, not cold currents.

Volcanic eruptions can release pyroclastic debris, ash and dust, nitrogen compounds and sulphur compounds. All four are products or emissions associated with eruptions.

The troposphere is thicker over the equator than near the poles. Strong convection over the equator carries heat upward and helps explain that greater thickness.

The atmosphere is heated mainly from below by terrestrial long-wave radiation, not more by incoming solar radiation. Greenhouse gases absorb long-wave radiation effectively, so only Statement-II is correct.